External audit

Audit assertions are pivotal elements in auditing, representing management’s implicit or explicit claims about the financial information presented in an organization’s financial statements. These assertions guide auditors in evaluating the reliability and accuracy of financial data. However, while they serve as crucial tools in the auditing process, they also come…

The expectation gap in audit has long been a topic of discussion and concern within the financial and auditing sectors. It refers to the difference between what the public and stakeholders believe auditors should achieve and what they actually can and do achieve. This gap can lead to misunderstandings, mistrust,…